[NukeNet] [no-new-nukes-yall] RE: More on PU Shortage and NASA Missions
Kay Cumbow
kcumbow at greatlakes.net
Sat Mar 15 09:39:44 EDT 2008
Hi Jeanine,
Felice and Jack have no ties to the government. They have been opposed to
nukes for decades. I believe Jack was merely trying to clarify between
plutonium 238 and 239, largely because of my posting. I was not aware of
the history of plutonium-238 or its origin. I thought the plutonium used
for the space program was the same plutonium produced in nuclear plants. I
am thankful for his postings, as I have a much greater understanding of
this part, now. What can I do to mend fences? Believe me, he is not
advocating production of plutonium, in any way, shape or form. -Kay
To: Felice & Jack Cohen-Joppa:
If and until MOX fuel is developed and used in Nuclear Power Plants,
plutonium is not a fuel for nuclear power plants, it is produced in the
fuel and becomes a part of the waste, or if reprocessed, a part of the
material for nuclear bombs. What was the purpose of your response below?
Do you support any of the following:
(1) MOX fuel production and use?
(2) GNEP?
(3) Complex Transformation, Bombplex?
(4) More nuclear weapons?
(5) More nuclear power plants?
(6) Bringing nuclear waste from other nations to the U.S. as
Energy Solutions is now proposing?
(7) Allowing nuclear waste to be "disposed" of in commercial landfills?
(8) Melting of radioactive metals and recycling them in consumer products?
(9) Using adult white males as the basis for radiation dose calculations,
ignoring the most radiosensitive of the population, young children and fetuses?
(10) Ignoring inhalation and ingestion in calculating radiation doses to the
What ties do you have to the nuclear industry or any of it's government,
or research arms?
Jeannine Honicker
----------
Date: Sun, 9 Mar 2008 21:29:02 -0700
To: kcumbow at greatlakes.net; djhonicker at msn.com
From: nukeresister at igc.org
CC: no-new-nukes-yall at yahoogroups.com; nukenet at energyjustice.net
Subject: Re: [NukeNet] More on PU Shortage and NASA Missions
Just for the sake of clarity, the Pu-238 used for thermoelectric generators
is not the isotope used in weapons, and in fact is uncommon among the Pu
isotopes, as it is not among the isotopes in waste from nuclear reactors
and is cumbersome to produce and isolate: following is from the Wikipedia
page:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium-238
"Plutonium 238, is a radioactive isotope of plutonium with a half-life of
87.7 years and is a very powerful alpha emitter. Because of its high level
of alpha activity, it is used for radioisotope thermoelectric generators
and radioisotope heater units. The use of plutonium-238 in American and
Russian (and old Soviet Union) spacecraft is somewhat controversial.
"Plutonium-238 was the first isotope of plutonium to be discovered. It was
synthesized by Glenn Seaborg and associates in 1941 by bombarding
uranium-238 with deuterons. Neptunium-238 is made as an intermediate
product, which then decays to form plutonium-238. Plutonium-238 decays to
Uranium-234 and then further along the radium series to Lead-206.
"Today, Plutonium 238 is usually prepared by the irradiation of neptunium
237, a minor actinide produced in nuclear reactors, that can be recovered
from spent nuclear fuel during reprocessing, or by the irradiation of
americium in a reactor. In both cases, the targets are subjected to a
chemical treatment, including dissolution in nitric acid to extract the
plutonium-238. A 100kg sample of light water reactor fuel that has been
irradiated for three years contains only about 700 grams of neptunium 237,
and the neptunium must be extracted selectively.
"The United States currently has limited facilities to produce
plutonium-238. Since 1993, the U.S. has purchased all of the plutonium-238
it has used in space probes from Russia. 16.5 kilograms total have been
purchased.[1]"
Jack
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